Classification of Nozzles Based on Spray Shapes

RELAB classifies the general industrial nozzles into 4 major categories based on the spray shapes: Flat Fan, Full Cone, Hollow Cone and Solid Stream. Some of other special or multi-functional nozzles are subdivided from the 4 categories.
 

1.Flat Fan Nozzles

In a flat fan spray the liquid droplets are sprayed in the shape of a flat fan liquid layer, with different thickness according to the principle used to generate the spray. A flat fan spray nozzle serves the purpose of spraying onto a surface or an object moving in a transverse direction with respect to the one of the jet surface, a typical example being the nozzles in a car washing tunnel. The vast majority of flat fan spray nozzles used in the industry work according to one of the following principles.
 

2.Full Cone Nozzles

These nozzles use a specially shaped vane placed at the nozzle inlet, to give a rotational speed to the fluid flowing through the nozzle.
Because of the rotational speed of the fluid, water exiting the nozzle orifice is subjected to centrifugal force and opens up in the shape of a full cone.
The extent of the angle of the cone is a function of both exit speed (created from the inlet pressure) and the internal design of the nozzle. It can vary in practice from 15° to 140°.
 

3. Hollow Cone Nozzles

The hollow cone can be obtained taking a tangential liquid inlet into the swirl chamber of the nozzle causes the liquid to be atomised to rotate. It features a hollow cone spray pattern with a ring-shaped impact area and uniform spray distribution. This kind of nozzle is mainly used for applications in dust control, air washing and fire fighting systems.
 

4.Solid Stream Nozzles

The solid stream nozzles are a single concentrated jet with a straight forward design. They use a straight orifice that produces a high-speed jet stream with a spray angle of 0°.